Vol. 7, Issue 2, Part I (2025)

Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal) is a prominent herb in Ayurvedic medicine, traditionally valued as a rejuvenator (Rasayana) to enhance vitality, resilience, and longevity. Recently, global interest in Ashwagandha root powder has surged, primarily due to its adaptogenic properties and health benefits. The plant is rich in various bioactive compounds, particularly with anolides such as withaferin A and withanolide D, which have demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer effects. Advances in extraction and standardization techniques have enhanced the stability and effectiveness of these compounds, facilitating their incorporation into modern nutraceuticals.
Clinical research has demonstrated that Ashwagandha supplements can help reduce stress and anxiety, improve sleep quality, enhance memory and cognitive function, and support reproductive health. Furthermore, there is evidence suggesting potential ergogenic benefits, including increased muscle strength, improved aerobic capacity, and faster recovery from fatigue. Powdered forms of Ashwagandha are particularly popular due to their affordability, convenience, and ability to retain phytochemicals, making them one of the most accessible options for dietary supplementation.
Despite its extensive therapeutic potential, safety concerns persist. Reports of hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and herb-drug interactions underscore the necessity for stricter regulations, quality control, and pharmacovigilance. Additionally, variability in preparation methods and this review aims to compile the current evidence regarding Ashwagandha root powder as a herbal and dietary supplement. It highlights the traditional significance of Ashwagandha, its diverse phytochemical composition, pharmacological effects, safety profile, and potential avenues for future research.